Which component helps resist the water passage under hydrostatic pressure?

The component that helps resist the passage of water under hydrostatic pressure is a waterproof membrane. This type of membrane is specifically designed to act as a barrier against water infiltration, effectively sealing off areas from moisture that can build up due to hydrostatic pressure—this occurs when water accumulates in the soil around a structure and exerts pressure against the foundation or walls.

Waterproof membranes are typically made from materials that do not allow water to seep through, making them essential in construction scenarios such as basements, below-grade walls, and roofs where water management is critical. These membranes are installed in a way that ensures they remain continuous and free of defects, which is vital for maintaining their integrity and performance.

Other options may serve various functions in water management, but they do not provide the same level of protection against hydrostatic pressure as a waterproof membrane. Water-resistant paint serves primarily as a protective coating, while a water-shedding surface treatment focuses on directing water away from surfaces. Drainage systems help manage water flow and prevent accumulation but rely on the proper functioning of other components, such as membranes, to ensure complete waterproofing.