Which best describes dampproofing methods?

Dampproofing methods are specifically designed to resist moisture intrusion, primarily focused on preventing water from entering structures through capillary action. Capillary action refers to the process by which water moves through porous materials, like concrete and masonry, due to surface tension. By utilizing various materials and techniques, dampproofing effectively creates a barrier that reduces the penetration of moisture, thereby protecting the integrity of the structure.

The other options do not capture the primary purpose or functionality of dampproofing. For instance, allowing water to pass without any restrictions contradicts the very goal of dampproofing, which is to inhibit water entry. Additionally, while dampproofing can be applied to various surfaces, it's not exclusively limited to interior surfaces; it can be used on exterior surfaces as well. Lastly, while some methods of application may indeed be simple, it is misleading to assert that no special equipment is needed at all; specific techniques or tools may enhance the effectiveness of the application process. Therefore, the emphasis on resisting capillary action accurately reflects the essence of dampproofing methods.