How does oil canning occur in a low slope metal system?

Oil canning in a low slope metal roofing system refers to the visible wrinkling or buckling of the metal panels, which can occur due to various factors. The correct choice focuses on the application and inherent characteristics of the metal during installation.

When sheet metal roofing is installed, it can be subjected to various stresses due to its own weight, thermal expansion and contraction, and the specific detailing of the installation. If the panels are not properly secured or if they are applied too loosely, the tension in the metal may not be adequately controlled, leading to movement and the formation of oil canning. This means that the way the metal is applied and secured influences its susceptibility to oil canning.

The other options present different aspects that do not directly tie to the primary mechanism of oil canning as it relates to the installation process. While temperature changes can affect the shape of metal, it is primarily the handling and application during installation that play the most significant role in this phenomenon. Improper fasteners or manufacturing issues can contribute to performance problems but are not the primary causes of oil canning when considering the application context.